@InProceedings{ChistensenSouSanAlvMat:2019:AcObMo,
               author = "Chistensen, I. and Souza, Marcelo Lopes de Oliveira e and Santos, 
                         M. A. dos and Alvarez, T. and Matuleviciute, D.",
          affiliation = "{Secure World Foundation} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas 
                         Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 
                         (INPE)} and {New School for Social Research} and {Luxembourg Space 
                         Agency}",
                title = "Characterizing and classifying international cooperation for space 
                         resources development: actors, objectives, and models",
            booktitle = "Proceedings...",
                 year = "2019",
         organization = "International Astronautical Congress (IAC), 70.",
             keywords = "Benefit sharing, international cooperation, space resources.",
             abstract = "Space Resources has become a topic of high priority lately, as 
                         technology evolves. Matters related not only to technical issues, 
                         but also to legal concerns and to how cooperation might be 
                         established in the pursuit of space resources development 
                         (discovery, exploration and exploitation) in the coming future are 
                         at the top of the discussions in several fora worldwide. In an 
                         attempt for setting up a starting point for discussion, this paper 
                         presents the outcome of analysis work being done under the 
                         Socioeconomic Panel of The Hague International Space Resources 
                         Governance Working Group to characterize and classify 
                         international cooperation (groups, interactions and efforts) for 
                         space resources development: actors, objectives and models. The 
                         paper begins by discussing the general need for, and current 
                         trends in, actor-to-actor international cooperation related to 
                         space resources development. It then postulates a five-group 
                         structure for characterization and classification of international 
                         cooperation based on the commitment (capacity, interest and 
                         involvement) of actors to space resources development. It then 
                         describes the objectives and models, which might be employed by 
                         the actors in that group for cooperation. This group structure, 
                         aims to document common objectives and cooperation models, and 
                         classify them according to the actors that are most likely to 
                         employ them. Such objectives include policy development, 
                         scientific capacity enhancement, and enables industry development 
                         (among others). Such models include Government-to-Government 
                         Framework Agreements, Intergovernmental Agreements, Agency to 
                         Agency MoUs, Implementing Arrangements, Letters of Agreement, 
                         Letters of Intent etc. The paper concludes by suggesting a 
                         standard visualization system for characterization and 
                         classification of international cooperation for space resources 
                         development. In so doing it aims to support a UNCOPUOS finding 
                         that In order to involve more countries in such international 
                         cooperation, there is a need to identify, [. . . ], areas of 
                         common interest and to assign priorities for action to explore 
                         opportunities among the developers and users of space 
                         technologies.",
  conference-location = "Washington, MD",
      conference-year = "21-25 Oct.",
             language = "en",
        urlaccessdate = "27 abr. 2024"
}